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|History of Bosham
"Better have
been a fisherman at Bosham, my good Herbert*: Thy
birthplace; the sea creek; the pretty rill that falls into
it; the green field; the gray church; the simple
lobster-basket and the mesh; the more or less of daily
labour done "
* Herbert of Bosham - Secretary to Thomas à Becket.
Thus wrote
Alfred, Lord Tennyson, in his 'Becket', after visiting
Bosham in 1875. The description still holds true today.
Decades ago, there were many such villages along the Sussex
coast. Now, Bosham is unique. Twice a day, the tide laps
under the windows of the little cottages along the shore. In
former times, these were occupied by the local fishermen. A
large oyster industry, second only to Whitstable, was
enjoyed at Bosham. Oysters were dredged from the Solent and
dropped into the Harbour to grow for two or
three years. They were then put into beds, which ran the
length of the waterfront, before being taken to market.
Christianity
Bosham is the
oldest Christian site in Sussex. There was a Christian
congregation here, 200 years before Augustine landed in
Kent. It had a resident monk, Dicul, who came from Ireland,
living in a small, rough cell below the church. (This can be
visited.)
The Church, dedicated to the Holy Trinity, is thought to
have been built on
the site of a Roman Basilica - the bases of the Chancel arch
pillars are all that are left of that earlier building. (A
villa with a central court built in the reign of Antoninus
has been excavated in the grounds of Broadbridge Farm in
Delling Lane, along with a marble head, a Roman bath and a
small amphitheatre.)
The present building is largely Saxon, the first parts of it
being built in the early 11th Century, during the reign of
Canute - (He lived at Bosham for a while, and it is strongly
believed that his eight year old daughter died here, and is
buried in the Church. A skeleton of such a child has been
discovered here, and the place is marked with a stone slab,
bearing the Danish emblem of a raven.)
The Chancel was built in three stages - the first, in the
somewhat untidy stonework of the Saxons, (look at the
Tower); followed by the neat herring-bone of the Normans;
with the third stage in the Early English style. (The East
window of the Chancel is one of the finest examples of this
style in the country.
King Canute
The famous 'legend' of Canute
trying to repel the waves is associated with many places
along this coast, but Bosham seems to have the strongest
claim!
The remains of Mud Wall can be seen at low tide. It was
built at the end of the 18th Century, and the land to
the North was used as farm land. The wall was breached
in the 1840s by a tremendous storm. This dyke recalls
the story of Canute, sitting on his chair, surrounded by
his courtiers, ordering back the tide - unsuccessfully,
so the chronicles stat! It is probable that Canute built
a dyke, the Saxon word for which is 'char', but for some
reason, the dyke did not hold back the tide. Mud Wall
would be the most likely place for Canute to have built
his 'char'. Modern day Canutes who leave their cars on
the foreshore, may experience the same frustration as
their historic counterpart!!
King Harold / Bayeux Tapestry
Bosham Church
is the only Church depicted on the Bayeux Tapestry - it
shows the Chancel arch. After the death of his father, Earl
Godwin, the Manor and Church of Bosham were inherited by
Harold, Earl of Wessex. It was from Bosham that Harold set
sail in 1064, to argue with William of Normandy, who would
inherit the throne of England after the death of Edward the
Confessor, whose wife was a sister of Harold. On his return
to England, to the great anger of William, Harold was
crowned King of England. When Harold was killed at the
Battle of Hastings, William became King, and took over the
Manor and Church of Bosham as a Royal domain.
In the Domesday Book of 1084, Bosham Church was one of the
wealthiest Churches in England, with property amounting to
thirteen thousand acres of land in different parts of the
country.
The Bosham Bell
In the days of
King Canute, a fleet of Danes sailed up Bosham Channel to
plunder the village and Church. They captured the tenor
bell. As they made off back down the channel, the monks ran
to the tower to ring a peal in thanks for having been
spared. As the remaining bells rang out, the tenor bell
moved in sympathy, and fell through the bottom of the boat.
The monks prayed in vain to St. Nicholas, for his help in
recovering the bell. They purchased a new bell-rope and a
team of pure white heifers. All was
progressing well, and the bell was about to be landed, when,
when someone noticed that one of the heifers had a single
black hair in its tail. The rope snapped and the bell
plunged back into the mud, where it remains to this day. On
a still day, its muffled tones can be heard below the water.
(The badge of Bosham Sailing Club is a red bell on a white
background.)
Men of Bosham
During the Plague year of 1664, the people of Bosham
took food to citizens of Chichester, who were confined
within the City Walls. Because of this Christian
charity, they were granted the right to sell fish in any
market in England without paying tolls. They have the
rights to free mooring, wild-fowling, and fishing within
the waters of Bosham Harbour.
Other Facts About Bosham
The Anchor Bleu public house - A
building of special architectural and
historic interest (Listed). Became an inn in 1740, but dates
back further.
Bosham Sailing Club - A working
mill until the 1930s.
The Millstream Hotel - Once called
'The Grange'. Purchased by Hugh Selwyn
Lloyd in 1913, after selling the Manor House (purchased
1899).
Bosham Walk - was once a garage owned by
Glyn Martin.
Dylan Thomas lived in Bosham for 3
months during World War Two.
Ernest Hemingway knew and loved Chichester Harbour - he
was a war
correspondent here during World War Two.
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